The Special Purpose Islamic Regiment (SPIR) is a military unit formed by the Taliban in 2015 to fight against the Afghan government and international forces in Afghanistan. The unit is believed to have between 1,000 and 1,500 fighters and is based in the eastern province of Nangarhar.

The SPIR was formed in response to the growing number of foreign troops in Afghanistan and the increasing number of military operations launched by the Afghan government and international forces against the Taliban. The unit is composed of local Taliban fighters who are motivated to fight against the Afghan government and international forces.

The SPIR has been involved in a number of military operations against the Afghan government and international forces. In January 2016, the unit attacked a military base in the Nangarhar province, killing more than a dozen Afghan soldiers. In October 2016, the unit launched a major assault on the city of Jalalabad, the capital of Nangarhar province. The assault was repelled by Afghan and international forces.

The SPIR has also been involved in a number of terrorist attacks in Afghanistan. In November 2016, the unit claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing that killed more than 30 people in the city of Kabul. In January 2017, the unit claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing that killed more than 100 people at a military base in the city of Mazar-e-Sharif.

The SPIR is a highly motivated and well-trained unit that is capable of conducting sophisticated military operations against the Afghan government and international forces. The unit has proven to be a serious threat to the security of Afghanistan and the region.